Every US presidential executive order whose text sets policy on digital assets, from the 2018 ban on Venezuela’s petro to the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, with what each one does and whether it is still in force, from the Federal Register.
Data as of · Federal Register searched through Executive Order 14435 (signed 2026-10-05)
Pictured: CNBC’s report on the signing of EO 14233, which created the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve on March 6, 2025.
US Executive Orders on Digital Assets, data as of 2026-10-12
Focus
Order
Title
Signed
President
Status
Digital-asset provisions
Federal Register
Source
Banking access
EO 14405
Integrating Financial Technology Innovation Into Regulatory Frameworks
May 19, 2026
Donald Trump
In force
Asks regulators to open charters and partnerships to fintech, incl. digital-asset firms; asks the Fed to review payment-account access
Included: executive orders whose own text contains a digital-asset provision, found by searching the Federal Register’s presidential documents for digital asset, cryptocurrency, bitcoin, stablecoin, CBDC, virtual currency, blockchain and related terms, and read in full. Left out: orders that mention crypto only in passing, such as a sanctions criterion in EO 14024 (Russia) or the job title “Special Advisor for AI and Crypto”, and EO 14331 (fair banking), whose text doesn’t mention digital assets even though its White House fact sheet does. No presidential memorandum or proclamation had substantive digital-asset content. Status: whether a later executive order has revoked it.
Highlights
An executive order is a written directive from the US president to federal agencies. It is published in the Federal Register and can be revoked by a later order, but it cannot change the law Congress has passed. This list covers every executive order whose own text sets digital-asset policy, from a 2018 sanctions order to the May 2026 order on fintech and Fed payment accounts. Orders that only mention crypto in passing are left out (see the note under the table).
Bitcoin reserve
The Strategic Bitcoin Reserve EO 14233
Mar 6, 2025
EO 14233 set up two Treasury-run accounts: a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, holding bitcoin the government owns through final criminal or civil forfeiture, and a US Digital Asset Stockpile for other forfeited digital assets.3 Bitcoin in the Reserve “shall not be sold and shall be maintained as reserve assets of the United States.” Any further purchases must be budget neutral, with no extra cost to taxpayers. The order also describes bitcoin’s fixed supply of 21 million coins and says it is “often referred to as ‘digital gold’.”3 The White House said the Reserve “will treat bitcoin as a reserve asset.”7 Agencies had 30 days to report their digital-asset holdings to Treasury.
Policy framework
Revoking 14067 and ruling out a CBDC EO 14178
Jan 23, 2025
Three days into his second term, President Trump revoked EO 14067 and Treasury’s July 2022 digital-asset framework. The order bars agencies from any action “to establish, issue, or promote CBDCs”, except where the law requires it.4 It created the President’s Working Group on Digital Asset Markets, chaired by the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and gave it 180 days to propose a federal regulatory framework, including for stablecoins. It also asked the group to evaluate a national digital asset stockpile, “potentially derived from cryptocurrencies lawfully seized” by the government. EO 14233 created that stockpile six weeks later. The order’s policy section also protects the ability to mine, validate and self-custody digital assets.4
Banking access
Fintech and Fed payment accounts EO 14405
May 19, 2026
The newest order on the list tells the CFPB, SEC, NCUA, CFTC, FDIC and OCC to review rules that keep fintech firms, including “digital asset-related services” and “blockchain-based services”, from partnering with banks or getting charters and licences, within 90 days.1 It requests that the Federal Reserve evaluate access to Reserve Bank payment accounts for non-bank firms, “including those engaged in digital assets”. If that access is allowed, the Fed is asked to decide complete applications within 90 days of filing.1
Retirement savings
Digital assets in 401(k)s EO 14330
Aug 7, 2025
EO 14330 sets a policy that savers in 401(k) and other defined-contribution plans should have access to funds holding “alternative assets”. Its definition names six types: private markets, real estate, commodities, “holdings in actively managed investment vehicles that are investing in digital assets”, infrastructure and lifetime-income strategies.2 It gave the Labor Department 180 days to re-examine its fiduciary guidance under ERISA, the federal law governing workplace retirement plans. The order itself doesn’t change what any plan holds.
Policy framework
The first whole-of-government policy EO 14067
Mar 9, 2022
President Biden’s order was the first to set an overall US policy on digital assets. It covered consumer protection, financial stability, illicit finance and US competitiveness, and gave “the highest urgency” to research on a possible US central bank digital currency.5 It ordered a series of reports within 180 to 210 days, including a Treasury report on the future of money and a Financial Stability Oversight Council report on risks and regulatory gaps. Its opening section noted that non-state digital assets had reached a combined $3 trillion market cap in November 2021, up from about $14 billion five years earlier. The order never uses the word “bitcoin”.5 EO 14178 revoked it on January 23, 2025.4
Sanctions
The first order aimed at a digital currency EO 13827
Mar 19, 2018
The earliest order on the list targeted the “petro”, a digital currency issued by Venezuela’s government. The order bans US persons, and anyone in the United States, from dealing in any digital currency, coin or token issued by or for that government on or after January 9, 2018. It cites the Maduro government’s attempt “to circumvent U.S. sanctions by issuing a digital currency”.6 No order has revoked it, and the February 2026 notice continuing the Venezuela national emergency still lists it.8
